Yadda aka kashe ɗalibai a musayar wuta tsakanin sojoji da ISWAP a Borno

A Najeriya makarantu na ci gaba da kasancewa cikin haɗari yayin da ƙungiyoyin masu ɗauke da makamai ke ci gaba da kai samame suna kashewa da kuma sace ɗalibai.

Ƙasa da mako ɗaya bayan ceto ɗaliban da aka sace a jihar Oyo, kuma yayin da ake ci gaba da jiran ceto ƙananan yara ɗalibai da aka sace a Askira Uba da ke jihar Borno, wasu maharan sun far wa makarantar mata da ke Monguno a jihar Borno.

A cikin wata sanarwa da rundunar Hadin Kai mai yaƙi mai yaƙi da matsalar tsaro a arewa maso gabacin Najeriya ta fitar ranar Lahadi, ta ce an samu nasarar daƙile "yunƙurin sace ɗalibai daga ƙungiyar ISWAP a Kwalejin Mata ta Gwamnatin Tarayya da ke Monguno".

Sanarwar ta ce ana amfani da makarantar ne a matsayin mazauni na wucin-gadi ga ɗaliban Kwalejin Fasaha ta Munguno bayan ɗauke makarantar mata daga wajen sanadiyyar matsalar tsaro.

Borno ce cibiyar rikicin Boko Haram, wanda aka shafe sama da shekara 15 ana fama da shi a yankin Tafkin Chadi.

Miliyoyin mutane ne rikicin ya tarwatsa sannan dubbai suka rasa rayukansu, lamarin da ya haifar da yanayin jin-ƙai mai matuƙar muni a yankin.

'An kashe ɗalibai uku'

A tattaunawarsa da BBC, kwamishinan yaɗa labarai na jihar Borno Usman Tar ya ce mayaƙan Iswap ɗin sun kai hari makarantar ne a ƙoƙarin sace ɗalibai.

"Sun kai hari ne da niyyar sace ɗalibai amma arangamar da suka yi da sojoji ta sa sun gudu," in ji Tar.

"A yayin arangamar ɗalibai uku sun rasu, waɗanda suka tsira kuma ana duba lafiyarsu".

Sai dai kwamishinan bai tantance ɗaliban da aka kashe mata ne ko maza ba.

A cikin sanarwar da mai magana da yawun sojoji Kaftin Mohammed Goni ya fitar ya ce an samu nasarar kuɓutar da ɗalibai 46 waɗanda aka kai su barikin sojoji da ke garin Monguno domin duba lafiyarsu.

Me ya sa ake yawan sace ɗalibai a Najeriya?

Batun sace yara ƴan makaranta a Najeriya ba sabon abu ba ne, domin lamarin ya samo asali ne tun a shekarar 2014 inda mayaƙan Boko Haram suka shiga makarantar sakandare ta ƴan mata da ke Chibok a jihar Borno suka sace ɗaruruwan ɗalibai mata.

Haka kuma a shekarar 2018 ma an sake irin hakan inda aka shiga wata makarantar sakanadare da ke Dapchi a jihar Yobe inda a nan ma aka kwashe ƴan mata sama da 100.

Daga baya irin wannan sace-sace ya zama ruwan dare, tun daga arewa maso gabashin ƙasar zuwa arewa maso yammaci.

Baya ga jihar Borno, an sace ɗalibai a jihohi irin su Zamfara, Katsina, Kebbi, Kaduna da Neja a lokuta da dama.

A cewar Barrister Bulama ya ce, "Babban burin ɗan ta'adda shi ne ya kai hari inda zai zama labari duk duniya a rinƙa cewa an kai hari wuri kaza don ya ɗauki hankalin duniya, domin ta'addanci ba ya tafiya sai an haɗa shi da ɗaukar hankalin duniya an saka wa mutane tsoro".

A cewar Bukartin, abin da irin wannan hari ke nunawa shi ne Najeriya ta kasa koyon darasi a hare-haren da aka kai a baya ba, kuma gwamnati da jami'an tsaro ba su ɗauki matakai da za su tabbatar an tsare makarantu don tabbatar da cewa ba a ci gaba da kai hari irin waɗannan makarantu ba.

"Gungun masu laifi suna kai hare-hare irin waɗannan ne, domin suna neman wuri mai maiƙo ne, duk inda suka ga idan suka kai hari, za su iya kama wanda za su samu kuɗi, to lallai za su kai harin.

"A makaranta suna ganin cewa gwamnati ta damu da ɗaliban, saboda haka idan aka kama su aka yi garkuwa da su, za a iya samun kuɗi a waɗannan wurare."

Waɗanne ƙungiyoyi ne ke satar ɗalibai a Najeriya?

Akwai ƙungiyoyi aƙalla shida na masu ɗauke da makamai da ke ayyukansu na kai hare-hare a yankin arewacin Najeriya, kuma a lokuta daban-daban an zarge su da satar ɗalibai a makarantu:

Asalin sunan ƙungiyar shi ne Jama'atu Ahlus Sunna Lida'awati Wal Jihad, kuma bincike ya tabbatar da cewa an kafa ta ne a 2002, a matsayin ƙungiyar matasa a jihohin Borno da Yobe.

''Babbar manufarta ita ce kafa daular Musulunci a yankin Tafkin Chadi, abin da ya ƙunshi jihohin Borno da Yobe da wasu sassan ƙasashen Nijar da Chadi'', in Kabiru Adamu, masani kan matsalolin tsaro a yankin Sahel.

Haka cikin manufofin ƙungiyar akwai adawa da duk wani abu da ya shafi karatun Boko da al'adun ƙasashen Yamma.

A shekarar 2014 ne ƙungiyar ta kai hari makarantar ƴanmatan Chibok tare da sace ɗalibai fiye da 200 kodayake daga baya an kuɓutar da mafi yawansu.

Ƙungiyar ISWAP ta kafu a shekarar 2016 bayan ɓallewa daga ƙungiyar Boko Haram da Shekau ke jagoranta.

Ƙungiyar ta ɓalle ne sakamakon saɓanin ra'ayi tsakanin al-Qaeda da kuma IS.

Mutumin da ya jagoranci ƙungiyar na farko shi ne sheikh Abu Mus'ab Albarnawi, wanda aka yi imanin cewa shi ne babban ɗa ga Muhamamd Yusuf, shugaban ƙungiyar Boko Haram na farko.

Ƙarƙashin al-Barnawi, ISWAP ta yi ƙaurin suna wajen ƙaddamar da hare-hare musamman kan jami'an tsaron Najeriya da na ƙasashe makwabta.

Asalin sunanta shi ne Jama'atu Ansarul Muslimina fil Biladis - Sudan, kuma an kafa ƙungiyar ne a 2012 a tsakanin jihohin Kaduna da Kano, kafin daga baya ta ƙarfafa ayyukanta a yankin arewa ta tsakiyar ƙasar, a cewar masanin tsaro Kabiru Adamu.

Ɗaya daga cikin manyan hare-haren da ƙungiyar ta ƙaddamar shi ne hari kan gidan yarin Kuje a 2022, tare da kuɓutar da mambobinta fiye da 600 da ke tsare a ciki.

Dakta Kabiru Adamu ya ce ƙungiyar Lakurawa duk da cewa akwai saɓani kan lokacin da ta fara ɓulla, amma bincike masu yawa sun tabbatar da cewa ta fara ne a 2018.

Ya ce ƙungiyar na da alaƙa da ƙungiyoyin masu iƙirarin jihadi a yankin Sahel.

Ƙungiyar Lakurawa ta fara ɓulla ne a wasu yankunan jihar Sokoto da Kebbi a cewar Kabiru Adamu.

Masanin tsaron ya ce an yi imanin cewa an ɓullo da ƙungiyar ne da nufin kare al'ummar yankin daga hare-haren da ƴan fashin daji, daga baya suka fara ƙarfafa fahimtarsu ta ikirarin jihadi.

ƙungiyar ta ɓullo ne a 2024 a jihohin Neja da Kwara da ke yankin tsakiyar Najeriya kuma tana da alaƙa da wasu garuruwan Jamhuriyar Benin da ke iyaka da jihar Kwara.

Ƙungiyar na amfani da salon kai hare-hare kan ƙauyuka da sace dabbobi tare da aza wa mutane haraji.

''Ƙungiyar na da alaƙa da ƙungiyar Ansaru da kuma al-Qaeda'', in ji Adamu.

Wannan ne sunan da ake yi wa gungu daban-daban na masu kai hare-kare, waɗanda ke kashewa da garkuwa da mutane, kuma ayyukansu sun fi ƙaurin suna ne a jihohin arewa maso yammacin Najeriya.

Ƙungiyoyi ne da dama waɗanda ya zuwa yanzu ba a iya tantance adadinsu ba.

Manufar waɗannan ƙungiyoyi ta bambanta daga wuri zuwa wuri, sai dai galibi sun fi alaƙanta matsalar da rashin ba su damar mallakar fili da ƙwace musu wuraren kiwo da hana su walwala da sauransu.

Fitattun jagororin ire-iren waɗannan ƙungiyoyi sun haɗa da Bello Turji da Ado Aliero da Dogo Giɗe, da kuma wasu daga cikin waɗanda aka kashe irin su Buharin Daji da Halilou Sububu.