Me ya sa Amurka ke tunanin amfani da "Uwar Bama-bamai" a kan Iran?

CNN ta ruwaito cewa Amurka na nazarin kai wa Iran mummunan hari da bam mai shiga har cikin maɓoya da sansanonin ƙarƙashin ƙasa, idan Shugaban Trump ya yanke shawarar dawo da farmakin soji a yaƙin da ya fara a watan Fabrairun wannan shekarar, da haɗakar Isra'ila.

Kafar ta ambato majiyoyin da suka saba da tsare-tsaren tana cewa sojojin Amurka na nazarin yiwuwar amfani da bam ɗin GBU-43/B, wanda aka fi sani da "Uwar Bama-bamai" (MOAB), kan kayayyakin more rayuwa na makamashi da cibiyoyin nukiliyar Iran.

Sai dai majiyoyin sun bayyana shakku kan ƙarfin bam ɗin na lalata cibiyoyin nukiliyar Iran da ke ƙarƙashin ƙasa, suna nuni da cewa amfani da shi zai iya yin tasirin tunani fiye da tasirin soja a aikace.

Shugaba Trump ya ce "ya kamata a harbe" mutanen da ke tona bayanan ayyukan sojin Amurka ga kafafen yaɗa labarai.

Da yake magana a wani taron yakin neman zaɓe a Bullhead City, Arizona, ranar Laraba, Trump ya ce: "Ina ganin ya kamata a harbe waɗanda ke tona bayanai. A baya, muna harbe mutanen da ke tona bayanai, misali game da wata ƙasa da ake shirin kai wa hari."

Yana magana game da hare-haren da Amurka ta kai kan cibiyoyin nukiliyar Iran a watan Yunin 2025, inda ya yi iƙirarin cewa wani ya tona bayanan sirii kan lokutan tashi da saukar jiragen sojin Amurka da suka shiga aikin.

Trump ya soki wallafa irin waɗannan bayanai da kafafen yaɗa labarai da suka haɗa da New York Times da CNN suka yi, yana cewa waɗanda ke da alhakin tona bayanan ya kamata su fuskanci hukunci mai tsanani.

Ya bayyana su a matsayin "mutane mafi karkatattun hali a duniya."

A makon da ya gabata, shugaban Amurka ya kawar da yiwuwar kai wa Iran hari kafin zaɓen tsakiyar wa'adi da aka shirya yi ranar 3 ga Nuwamba, kuma ya yi magana kan "tattaunawa mai amfani" da Tehran.

Hakan na zuwa ne yayin da rikicin da Iran da tasirinsa kan farashin kayayyaki da mai ya janyo wa Trump baƙin jini sosai, kamar yadda wani sakamakon binciken ra'ayin jama'a kafin zaɓen ya nuna.

Amurka da Isra'ila sun ce manufar hare-haren ita ce hana Iran mallakar makaman nukiliya.

Tehran ta musanta neman irin waɗannan makamai tare da jaddada haƙƙinta na ci gaba da shirinta na nukiliya don dalilan zaman lafiya.

Washington da Tehran sun rattaba hannu kan wata takardar fahimtar juna a watan Yunin 2016, inda Pakistan ta taka rawa a matsayin mai shiga tsakani.

Sai dai yarjejeniyar ta rushe a watan Yuli bayan Iran ta sake kai hare-hare kan jiragen ruwa a mashigin Hormuz sannan Amurka ta kai hare-haren ramuwar gayya na soja kan Jamhuriyar Musulunci ta Iran.

Tun daga lokacin, tattaunawar ta ci gaba da kasancewa cikin tangarda.

Duk da haka, rahotannin kafafen yaɗa labarai da dama sun nuna cewa Fadar White House ta nemi Pentagon ta shirya tsare-tsare daban-daban na kai hare-hare kan wuraren da ke cikin Iran kafin zaɓen.

CNN ta ambato wata majiya tana cewa Trump ya bayar da umarnin a haɗa hare-hare kan "kayayyakin more rayuwa na makamashi" cikin tsare-tsaren, tare da yiwuwar amfani da "Uwar Bama-bamai."

Sai dai wasu jami'ai sun yi tambaya kan ingancin bam ɗin, musamman ƙarfin lalata cibiyoyin nukiliyar Iran da ke ƙarƙashin ƙasa.

Wata majiya da ta saba da tsare-tsaren ta shaida wa CNN cewa bam ɗin "ya dace da lalata manyan yankuna, amma ba zai iya yin abubuwa da yawa fiye da haka ba," tana mai lura cewa ba a ƙera shi a matsayin bam mai iya huda mafaka ba wanda zai iya shiga gine-gine masu kariya sosai ba.

Amfani da irin waɗannan bama-bamai na iya haifar da asarar rayukan fararen hula.

A wa'adinsa na farko, sojojin Amurka sun yi amfani da "Uwar Bama-bamai" a karon farko a shekarar 2017 kan mafakar mayaƙan IS da hanyoyin ƙarƙashin ƙasa a Afghanistan.

Harin ya kashe mayaƙa fiye da 90.

Mene ne "Uwar Bama-bamai"?

GBU-43/B Massive Ordnance Air Blast (MOAB) bam ne mai nauyin kusan ton 10.

Ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin mafi girman makamin da ba na nukiliya ba a ma'ajiyar makaman Amurka.

Bam ɗin yana da tsayin kusan mita tara da diamita mita ɗaya, kuma ana sarrafa shi da tauraron ɗan adam.

Babban makami ne mai tsawon ƙafa 30 (mita 9) kuma yana da nauyin fam 21,600 (kimanin kilogram 9,800).

Ana tsara shi da GPS, ana jefar da shi daga jirgin ɗaukar kaya na soja MC-130 kuma yana fashewa kaɗan kafin ya bugi ƙasa.

Ana sakin bam ɗin daga jirgin sama yayin da yake ɗaure da wani dandamali na musamman don kaya.

Ana jan dandamalin ta amfani da laima, wanda ke ba bam ɗin damar saukowa a hankali yayin da fikafikan baya guda huɗu masu kama da raga ke shiryar da shi.

Babban tasirinsa shi ne wata babbar guguwar fashewa wadda, bisa rahotanni, za ta iya kaiwa har mil ɗaya a ko wace hanya.

Wannan ƙarfin lalata yana samuwa ne daga fashewar da ta yi daidai da ton 8.2 na TNT.

An ƙera siririn bangon aluminium na bam ɗin musamman domin faɗaɗa yankin da fashewar za ta shafa.

An ƙirƙiri irin wannan makami ne domin haddasa babbar lalacewa a wuraren ƙarƙashin ƙasa da tsarin ramuka.

Da farko an ƙera bam ɗin ne domin yiwuwar amfani da shi a lokacin Yaƙin Iraki, kuma an ruwaito cewa kowace guda ta kashe dala miliyan 16.

An gwada shi a karon farko a shekarar 2003, amma ba a yi amfani da shi a yaƙi ba sai shekara ta 2017.

Sai dai duk da girmansa, ba shi ne mafi nauyin bam ɗin da ba na nukiliya ba a ma'ajiyar sojojin Amurka.

Wannan matsayin na bam ɗin MOP (Massive Ordnance Penetrator) ne, wani bam mai iya huda mafaka da aka ƙera domin lalata wurare masu kariya da aka binne a zurfi, kuma yana da nauyin fam 30,000.

Rasha ma ta ƙera nata babban bam na al'ada, wanda aka sani da "Uban Dukkan Bama-bamai" (FOAB).

Bam ne mai fashewa ta haɗuwar mai da iska, wanda a fasahance ake rarrabe shi a matsayin makamin thermobaric, mai samar da matsin lamba da ƙarfin lalata mai yawa.

Bama-baman thermobaric yawanci suna fashewa ne a matakai biyu.

Da farko, wata ƙaramar fashewa tana samar da gajimaren wani abu mai saurin ƙonewa.

Daga nan sai a kunna wannan gajimare, wanda ke haifar da wani ƙaƙƙarfan motsin matsin lamba mai iya jawo mummunar lalacewa.

Ana yawan cewa wani muhimmin ɓangare na tasirin makamai irin su "Uwar Dukkan Bama-bamai" na tunani ne, domin ba a ƙera su kawai don lalata manufofi ba amma har ma don yaɗa tsoro ta hanyar girman fashewarsu.

Ci gaban MOAB ya biyo bayan amfani da irin waɗannan makamai, ciki har da bam ɗin BLU-82 mai nauyin fam 15,000, wanda aka ƙera domin share yankunan daji domin samar da wuraren saukar jirage masu saukar ungulu.

Kamfanin Dynetics, wani kamfanin sararin samaniya da tsaro da ke Alabama, Amurka, ne ya ƙera "Uwar Bama-bamai".

Bam ɗin, wanda kuma aka fi sani da wannan laƙabi a fannin soja, an fara amfani da shi ne a Afghanistan.

Sojojin Amurka sun yi amfani da makamin, mafi girman bam wanda ba na nukiliya ba da aka taɓa amfani da shi a yaƙi, a karon farko cikin wani farmakin soja a shekarar 2017 a lardin Nangarhar da ke gabashin Afghanistan.

A lokacin, jami'ai sun ce abin da aka nufa shi ne wata hanyar ramuka da ƙungiyar da aka sani da Islamic State ke amfani da ita a gundumar Achin.

Saboda ba makamin nukiliya ba ne, amfani da bam ɗin ba lallai ne ya buƙaci amincewar Shugaban Amurka ba.