Mata 5 da suka taka rawa wajen ciyar da arewacin Najeriya gaba

A duk lokacin da ake tattauna tarihin yankin arewacin Najeriya, ba kasafai ake tattauna irin rawar matan yankin suka taka ba, musamman wajen samar da ci gaba da sadaukarwa.

A tarihin yankin mai tsawo, mata sun taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen bunƙasa ilimi da siyasa da kiwon lafiya da tattalin arziki da adabi da aikin gwamnati da ci gaban al'umma.

Daga zamanin tsoffin masarautun Hausad zuwa lokacin mulkin mallaka da kuma Najeriya bayan samun ƴancin kai, mata sun kasance cikin waɗanda suka taimaka wajen sauya rayuwar al'umma.

Wasu sun yi amfani da ilimi, wasu suka yi amfani da siyasa, wasu suka yi amfani da aikin jarida, yayin da wasu suka shiga fannonin likitanci da gwamnati.

Abin da ya sa waɗannan mata suka zama abin tunawa shi ne cewa ba sun cimma nasara a rayuwarsu ba ce kawai; sun kuma buɗe ƙofofi ga wasu mata da ƴan mata da suka zo bayansu.

BBC ta kalato wasu matan guda biyar, waɗanda suma sun taka rawar gani wajen ciyar da yankin gaba.

Sai dai ba su kaɗai ba ne matan da suka ciyar da yankin gaba, domin akwai fitattun matan da suka yi shuhura a arewacin Najeriya a baya, irin su Nana Asma'u Usman Ɗanfodio da Dadasare da su Ladi Kwali da sauran su.

Gambo Sawaba

An haifi Gambo Sawaba ranar 15 Fabrairun 1933 a jihar Neja sai dai ta yi rayuwarta a garin Zariya da ke jihar Kaduna, a cewar Dokta Shu'aibu Aliyu.

Ta fara karatu a makarantar furamare ta NA, kodayake karatun nata ya samu tsaiko bayan rasuwar mahaifinta.

''Duk da cewa ta yi aure tun tana ƙarama, (shekara13), bayan rasuwar iyayenta, hakan bai sanyaya mata gwiwa a fannin gwagwarmaya ba''.

Tsohon shugaban gidan tarihin ya ce an tsare Hajiya Gambo Sawaba a kurkuku aƙalla sau 16 saboda gwagwarmayarta na neman yanci.

''Ta kasance ƙusa a siyasar arewacin Najeriya, inda ta kai matsayin mataimakiyar shugaban jam'iyyar GNPP, kafin daga baya ta koma jam'iyyar NEPU inda ta zama shugabar mata na jam'iyyar''.

Gambo Sawaba ta riƙa sukar manufofin turawan mulkin mallaka a tarukan yaƙin neman zaɓen NEPU.

Ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin matan da aka riƙa jin muryoyinsu a fagen fafutikar neman yancin kan Najeriya, in ji masanin tarihin.

A ƙarshe ta rasu cikin watan Oktoban 2001.

Aisha Lemu

An haifi marigayiya Bridget Aisha a garin Poole na yankin Dorset na ƙasar Ingila a 1940.

Tana da shekara 13 da haihuwa sai ta fara tunanin sauya addininta, inda ta fara da duba addinan Hindu da na Bhudda amma basu gamsar da ita ba.

Ta yi karatun jami'a a makarantar koyon al'adu da harsunan kasar Sin da na Afirka a jam'iar Landan (SOAS), inda ta karanta tarihi da al'adu da kuma harshen kasar Sin.

A jami'ar ne kuma ta fara haduwa da dalibai Musulmai wadanda suka rika ba ta litattafan addinin Musulunci, kuma ba da daewa ba sai ta musulunta a shekarar 1961, a lokacin tana shekararta ta farko a jami'a.

A lokacin ne ta bayar da gudunmawarta wajen kafa kungiyar dalibai Musulmai na makarantar ta SOAS a jami'ar Landan, kuma ita ce sakatariyar kungiyar ta farko.

Bayan ta kammala karatun digiri na farko a jami'ar Landan, sai Aisha Lemu ta koma domin karatun babban digiri a kan harshen Ingilishi, kuma a lokacin ne ta fara ganin Sheikh Ahmed Lemu, wanda shi kuma ya isa Landan ne domin karo ilimi a jam'iar ta Landan.

Bayan kammala digirinta na biyu sai ta koma Kano a 1966, inda ta fara koyarwa a makarantar nazarin Larabci, a lokacin shi Sheikh Ahmed Lemu ke shugabancin makarantar.

An daura mata aure da Ahmed Lemu a watan Afrilun 1968, inda Aisha ta kasance matarsa ta biyu.

Ta tafi Sokoto domin kama aiki a matsayin shugabar makarantar mata ta gwamnati.

Daga baya ta koma jihar Neja bayan da aka kirkiri jihar daga cikin jihar Arewa maso yamma ta da a 1976, kuma ta zama shugabar makarantar horar da malamai mata ta Minna har 1978.

Ita da maigidanta sun kafa Gidauniyar Ilimin Islama (IET), kuma ta kafa babbar kungiyar mata Musulmi ta Najeriya (FOMWAN) a 1985.

Wannan layi ne

Ta wallafa litattafai na addinin Musulunci

Ta wallafa littafai da dama a fannin addinin Musulunci da ilimi wadanda aka rika amfani da su a makarantun sakandare na Najeriya.

Cikin litattafan da ta wallafa akwai:

The Role of Women and Marriage

The Ideal Muslim Wife and Husband

Animals in Islam

Book: The Young Muslim

Islamic studies for senior secondary schools

Woman in Islam

Farfesa Zaynab Alkali

Farfesa Zaynab Alƙali, wadda aka haifa a shekarar 1950 a jihar Borno, tana daga cikin fitattun marubutan mata daga Arewacin Najeriya.

Ta yi karatu a Bayero University Kano, inda ta samu digiri na farko da na biyu, sannan ta yi digiri na uku a jami'ar ABU da ke Zaria kamar yadda ta bayyana a wata tattaunawar da ta yi da BBC.

Daga cikin fitattun littattafanta akwai:

A cikin rubuce-rubucenta ta yi magana kan ilimin ƴan mata da aure da iyali da al'adu da matsayin mace da matsalolin da mata ke fuskanta.

Nasararta

Zaynab Alkali ta ba da gudummawa wajen: bunƙasa adabin Najeriya da wakiltar rayuwar mata daga Arewa da inganta ilimi da ƙarfafa mata su shiga manyan sana'o'in ilimi da kawo batutuwan mata cikin adabi.

A zamanin da ba kasafai ake jin muryoyin matan Arewa ba, Zaynab Alƙali ta zaburo ta kuma tsunduma cikin harkar rubutun adabi, daga nan kuma tauraruwarta ta fara haskawa.

Littafinta na farko Stillborn ya yi fice a fagen adabi a Najeria, saboda yadda aka kikrkire shi, aka saukaka shi, aka kuma fito da irin gwagwarmayar da matan arewacin kasar ke yi.

Farfesa Hadiza Galadanci

Farfesa Hadiza Galadanci, Farfesa ce a fannin mata da haihuwa (Obstetrics and Gynecology) a Jami'ar Bayero da ke Kano, Najeriya.

Haka kuma ita ce daraktar cibiyar Africa Centre of Excellence for Population Health and Policy, cibiyar da Bankin Duniya ke tallafawa kamar yadda The Global Surgery Foundation.

Farfesa Galadanci ta wallafa fiye da maƙaloli 100 na bincike game da fanninta, kuma ta kasance abin koyi mai ƙarfafawa ga mata, musamman mata masu aiki a fannin koyarwa da binciken likitanci a jami'o'i.

Ana kuma bayyana ta a matsayin mace ta farko da ta samu horo a fannin likitan mata da haihuwa, sannan ta zama farfesa a wannan fanni a yankin Kano na Najeriya.

Ta samu lambobin yabo da dama saboda jagorancinta da aikinta wajen inganta lafiyar mata masu juna biyu da haihuwa. Daga cikin lambobin yabon da ta samu akwai FIGO Women Award a shekarar 2018, da kuma Heroine of Health Award na shekarar 2023.

A shekarar 2024, mujallar TIME ta zaɓe Farfesa Hadiza Galadanci cikin mutum 100 da suka fi tasiri a fannin kiwon lafiya a duniya.

Laila Dogonyaro

An haifi Laila Dogonyaro a ranar 10 ga Disamba, 1944, a Garun Gabas, wani gari da ke cikin gundumar Hadejia ta tsohuwar Jihar Kano (yanzu Jihar Jigawa), a Arewacin Najeriya.

Mahaifinta ɗan ƙasar Siriya ne, yayin da mahaifiyarta Bahaushiya ce daga cikin Hausawa-Fulani. Laila ta halarci Makarantar Firamare ta Saint Louis da ke Kano, sannan ta samu gurbin karatu a Makarantar Sakandare ta Ilorin. An aurar da ita tun tana da shekara 13 ga Alhaji Ahmed Gusau, wani dattijo da ke aiki da kamfanin G.B. Ollivant.

An ce mijin Laila na farko ne ya fara gabatar da ita ga batutuwan fafutukar kare haƙƙin jama'a, yayin da mijinta na biyu, Ambasada MBG Dogonyaro, ya ba ta cikakken goyon baya. A shekarar 1963, ta zama ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa Jam'iyyar Matan Arewa (JMA). Ƙungiyar ta kafa makarantu da cibiyoyin jarrabawar WAEC, sannan ta tallafa wa 'yancin mata na zaɓe a yankin.

A shekarar 1977, Dogonyaro ta shiga harkokin siyasa kai tsaye kamar yadda jaridar Daily Trust ta ruwaito, inda ta tsaya takarar zaɓe a mazabar Tudun Wada da ke Jihar Kaduna. A shekarar 1979, ta kasance mamba a jam'iyyar National Party of Nigeria (NPN), wadda ita ce jam'iyya mai mulki a lokacin. Duk da cewa ba ta samu nasarar lashe zaɓen ba, ta ci gaba da fafutukar ganin an ƙara shigar da mata cikin harkokin siyasa da shugabanci. Ba da daɗewa ba ta zama fitacciyar mai fafutuka kan batutuwan da suka shafi yara da mata.

Laila Dogonyaro ta samu lambobin yabo da girmamawa da dama. Mafi shahara daga cikinsu shi ne lambar ƙasa ta Officer of the Order of the Niger (OON), wadda Gwamnatin Tarayya ta ba ta a shekarar 2001 saboda gudummawarta da kuma gwagwarmayarta.

Laila Dogonyaro ta rasu a Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital (AKTH) da ke Kano a ranar Alhamis, 28 ga Afrilu, 2011, bayan gajeriyar rashin lafiya. An binne ta a garinsu na Garki da ke Jihar Jigawa.

Hajiya Naja'atu Mohammed

Hajiya Naja'atu Mohammed, wadda kuma aka fi sani da an haife ta a shekarar 1956, kuma ƴar siyasar Najeriya ce kuma mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin jama'a.

A shekarar 2007, ta kasance ƴar takarar Action Congress of Nigeria (ACN) a mazaɓar Sanatan Kano ta Tsakiya.

Haka kuma, an ce ita ce mace ta farko a cikin waɗanda suka shugabanci ƙungiyar ɗalibai ta SUG a Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello da ke Zariya (ABU). Ita ce kuma mace ta farko da ta zama mataimakiyar shugabar ƙungiyar ɗaliban Najeriya wato NANS.

An haifi Hajiya Naja'atu a shekarar 1956 a tsakiyar birnin Kano, cikin gidan Alhaji Ali Abdullahi, wanda ɗan gurguzu ne kuma ɗaya daga cikin mutanen zamanin Malam Aminu Kano a Northern Elements Progressive Union (NEPU).

Ta kawo sabon salo a siyasar mata a Najeriya a matsayinta na mai fafutukar siyasa. Ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda aka zaɓa kuma mamban kwamitin da ke da alhakin ƙoƙarin samar da sulhu tsakanin ƙungiyar Boko Haram da Gwamnatin Najeriya.