IKIBIRIRAHO, Amerika na Iran batangaje ko bashitse ku masezerano yo guhagarika intambara

Amakuru y'ikibiriraho

Gildas Yihundimpundu na Samba Cyuzuzo

1. Iminota 27 irahezeIncamake y'ivyabaye vyashikanye kw’itangazwa ry'amasezerano

   

   Amasezerano y'ibanze agamije kurangiza intambara yo muri Iran yamaze gushikwako.

   Ng'ibi ibintu nyamukuru vya vuba ukwiye kumenya :

   • Mu gitondo co ku wa Mungu, Israel yagavye ibitero mu burere buri ku nkengera z’ubumanuko bw’umurwa mukuru Beirut, muri Liban, aho yasigura ko ari inyishu ku bitero umuhari Hezbollah wari wagavye ku butaka bwayo imbere y’aho, uwo musi nyene
   • Donald Trump yavuze ko igitero ca Israel kuri Beirut "kitari gikwiye kuba", aho yaciye ahamagarira impande zompi kwirinda kubandanya intambara kubera Amerika na Iran "vyari hafi cane gushika ku masezerano"
   • Mu ntango, ivyo bitero vyasa n'ibigiye guhungabanya ibiganiro vyariko biraba hagati ya Amerika na Iran
   • Ariko haciye amasaha make, harashitswe ku masezerano y'ibanze, Pakistan isanzwe ari umuhuza, ikaba yabaye iya mbere mu kuyatangaza
   • Inyuma y'aho, Trump yaremeje ko amasezerano yabonetse
   • Abategetsi ba Iran na bo nyene baremeje ayo masezerano, bavuga ko azoshirirwako umukono mu Buswisi ku wa gatanu
   • Abakuru b'ibihugu n’amareta b’Ubwongereza, Ubufaransa, Ubudagi n'Ubutaliyano bakiriye neza itangazwa ry'ayo masezerano
   • Ibiri muri ayo masezerano ntibiratangazwa ku mugaragaro. Ariko ibinyamakuru vya reta ya Iran vyatangaje ko harimwo: Gukurwako bimwe mu bihano Amerika yafatiye Iran, ukwiyemeza kwa Iran kutazokora ibirwanisho vya nikleyere, hamwe n'agahengwe mu burere bwose burimwo intambara, harimwo no muri Liban
   • Icegera c'umushikiranganji w'imigenderanire wa Iran yavuze ko ibiganiro ku masezerano ya nyuma bizobandanya mu kiringo c'imisi 60

   Izindi nkuru wosoma:

   Iran yarononye ibigo 20 vya gisirikare vya Amerika kuva intambara itanguye

   Ibintu bitandatu isi yamenye kuri Iran

   OTAN itarimo Amerika yaba ifite ubushobozi bungana iki bwa gisirikare?

2. Haciye isaha 1Ico ayo masezerano asobanura kuri Amerika na Iran – Isesangura

   

   Ahavuye isanamu, Getty Images

   Nk’uko bisesangurwa naTom Bateman, umumenyeshamakuru wa BBC akurikiranira hafi ibikorwa vy’ubushikiranganji bw’imigenderanire bwa Amerika, Perezida Donald Trump yari amaze igihe yotswa igitutu mu buryo bugenda bwiyongera kubera iduga ridahagarara ry'ibiciro vy’igitoro.

   Ukwo kuduga kw’igitoro kwatumye ibiciro vy’ibindi bidandazwa muri rusangi biduga muri Amerika bishika ku rugero rwa mbere ruri hejuru rutari bwigere rubaho mu myaka itatu iheze.

   Ubutunzi bwa Iran na bwo nyene bwari bumaze igihe bwaranizwe n'ibihano mpuzamakungu vy’igihe kirekire, bikaba vyari vyunyuwe kandi n’ingingo ya Amerika yo kuzibira ivyambu vy’ico gihugu.

   Muri make, impande zompi zari zikeneye kuruhuka no guhumeka.

   Ico ayo masezerano ashira imbere, ni ukwongereza ikiringo c’agahengwe kumvikanyweko ku wa 8 Ndamukiza (4).

   Ategekanya iyindi minsi 60 ata bitero canke ibikorwa vya gisirikare biba, Amerika ikavanaho ingingo yo kwugara ibivuko vya Iran, Iran na yo ikugurura umuhora wa Hormuz, mu gihe izo mpande zompi ziyemeza kubandanya ibiganiro.

   Ntiturabona urwandiko rw’ayo masezerano. Ariko, insiguro zatanzwe n’ubutegetsi [bwa Amerika] mu mpera z'indwi iheze, zerekana ko adakemura burundu ingorane zatumye Trump afata ingingo yo gutera Iran, canke ivyatumye Iran yihora mu buryo bukomeye.

   Kugira ngo buri ruhande rushobore kwerekana ayo masezerano nk'intsinzi yarwo, Trump ashaka ko Iran ibuzwa mu buryo bushobora kugenzurwa kandi ku kiringo n’imiburiburi c’imyaka 20, umugambi wo guhingura uranium.

   Ku rundi ruhande, Iran ikeneye ko ibihano vyose bikurwaho kandi igasubizwa amamiliyaridi menshi y'amadolare ava mu rudandaza rw’igitoro yafatiriwe kubera ibihano. Ivyo bibazo hamwe n'urutonde rw'ingene vyoshirwa mu ngiro ni vyo vyamye ari intambamyi zikomeye mu biganiro.

   N’ubwo ayo masezerano ashobora kuba arimwo ukwiyemeza canke "ugutahura kumwe" ko impande zompi zizobandanya kuganira kuri ivyo bibazo, uko ibintu vyifashe ubu, nta masezerano afadika araboneka kuri vyo.

   Aho rero umuntu ataranavuga ivyo Israel hamwe n'aba Républicains b’ivyiyumviro bikaze i Washington basaba.

   Bo bavuga ko amasezerano ya nyuma ategerezwa no kugabanya canke kugenzura ibirwanisho bisanzwe vya Iran, hamwe n'imfashanyo ico gihugu giha imirwi bacuditse yitwaje ibirwanisho mu karere.

   Izindi nkuru wosoma:

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3. Haciye isaha 1Amasezerano ya Iran na Amerika: Ibi ni ibyavuzwe na bamwe mu bategetsi bo ku isi

   

   Umunyamabanga mukuru wa ONU, António Guterres, yatangaje ko yishimiye “itangazo ry’amasezerano y’amahoro ya Amerika na Iran”.

   Mu itangazo ry’umuvugizi we, Guterres yagize ati: “Ibi bisobanuye intambwe iganisha ku kurangiza aya makimbirane mu mahoro”.

   Mu itangazo rimwe, abategetsi b’Ubwongereza, Ubufaransa, Ubudage n’Ubutaliyani batangaje ko bazakorana bya hafi na Amerika na Iran kugira ngo aya masezerano ashyirwe mu ngiro.

   Iryo tangazo ryabo rigira riti: “Turashima Amerika na leta ya Iran n’abandi babigizemo uruhare, harimo Pakistan, Qatar n’abandi bahuza kuri iyi ntambwe muri dipolomasi.

   “Uyu ni umwanya w’amahirwe yo gusubizaho amahoro mu karere no kongera gukomeza ubukungu bw’isi.”

   Minisitiri w’intebe w’Ubuyapani Sanae Takaichi ari mu ba mbere batangaje ko bishimiye aya masezerano.

   Sanae yavuze ko Ubuyapani “bwizeye cyane” ko “guca mu muhora wa Hormuz mu mutekano bizashyirwa mu bikorwa, kandi amasezerano ya nyuma ku ngufu za nikleyeri za Iran azagerwaho vuba bishoboka”.

   Minisitiri w’intebe wa Australia Anthony Albanese yavuze ko yizeye ko aya masezerano azageza “ku mahoro afatika kandi arambye”.

   Albanese avuga ko “mu gihe gusana ibyangiritse bizafata igihe kirekire, gusubizaho iyi nzira y’ingenzi mu bucuruzi ari ingenzi mu koroshya igitutu ku biciro by’ibitoro n’ubukungu, harimo no mu karere kacu”.

4. Haciye amasaha 2Umuhora wa Hormuz uzafungurwa ‘iteka’ – Trump muri New York Times

   

   Ahavuye isanamu, Illustration

   Mu kiganiro n’ikinyamakuru New York Times ku cyumweru nijoro, Perezida wa Amerika yavuze ko amasezerano na Iran ashimangira ko Umuhora wa Hormuz uzaba “nta ntambamyi ziwurimo” kandi uzafungurwa ‘iteka’.

   Iran yawufunze umuhora wa Hormuz mu kwihimura ku bitero bya Amerika na Israel ibuza amato yose kuwunyuramo, yabikora akaraswaho.

   Uyu muhora ucamo ibitoro bisaga 20% by’ibijya ku isoko ry’isi, ifungwa ryawo ryagize ingaruka ku izamuka ryabyo n’izamuka ry’ibiciro by’ibicuruzwa byinshi ku isi muri rusange.

   Mu kiganiro cy’iminota 28 kuri telephone, Donald Trump yavuze kandi ko niba Iran itemeye niba Iran itemeye ko bagera ku masezerano ya nyuma ku bijyanye n’ingufu kirimbuzi, azasubukura ibitero bya gisirikare cyangwa agahindura Amerika “umurinzi w’uburasirazuba bwo hagati” ufata kimwe cya gatanu ku musaruro w’ako karere.

   Trump yasubiyemo ibyo yavuze mbere ko icyemezo cye cyo gutera Iran muri Gashyantare(2) na nyuma agafunga imyaro n’ibyambub bya Iran “byahinduye uburasirazuba bwo hagati mu nyungu za Amerika”.

   Izindi nkuru wasoma:

   Umuhora wa Hormuz ni iki? Kandi ufite akahe kamaro?

5. Haciye amasaha 2Amerika na Iran bashitse ku masezerano y’ibanze yo guhagarika intambara

   

   Ahavuye isanamu, Reuters

   Abategetsi ba Reta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika n’aba Iran batangaje ko bumvikanye ku murongo ngenderwako w’amasezerano yo guhagarika intambara, gukuraho ingingo ya Amerika yo kuzibira ivyambu vya Iran hamwe no kwugurura umuhora wa Hormuz, nk’uko bimenyeshwa n’itororokanirizo ry’amakuru Reuters.

   Ayo masezerano y’ibanze yatumye ibiciro vy’igitoro bigabanuka, ariko ategekanya ko ikibazo c’umugambi wa Iran ujanye no gukora ibirwanisho vya nikleyere kizobandanya kuganirwako mu biganiro bizokurikira.

   Abicishije ku rubuga rwiwe, Truth Social, igihe c’isaha 11 n’igice z’umugoroba ku wa Mungu - isaha yo mu burengero bwa Amerika ( ni ukuvuga isaha zitanu n’igice z’ijoro mu masaha yo mu Burundi no mu Rwanda), Perezida wa Amerika Donald Trump yagize ati: “Amasezerano na Repubulika ya Kiislam ya Iran ubu yatunganye.”

   Ubutumwa bwiwe bwaje bukurikira itangazo ry’umushikiranganji w’imigenderanire wa Pakistan, Shehbaz Sharif, igihugu cagize uruhara muri ivyo biganiro, aho uwo mutegetsi yatangaje ko impande zompi zashitse ku masezerano mu gitondo ca kare ku wa mbere.

   Ayo masezerano y’ibanze, bitegekanijwe ko azoshirwako umukono icese ku musi wa gatanu mu Buswisi.

   Ibiri muri ayo masezerano ntivyashotse bimenyekana neza. Ariko Sharif, abicishije ku rubuga rwa X, yavuze ko ategekanya “ ihagarikwa buno nyene ry’ibikorwa vya gisirikare mu burere bwose bw’intambara, harimwo no muri Liban.”

   Liban cari kimwe mu bibazo bikomeye vyari vyaragoranye mu biganiro kubera, muri aya mayinga ya vuba, Israel n’umuhari Hezbollah bari baranse gukurikiza akamo ka Trump n’ak’abandi kabasaba guhagarika kurasana.

   Mw’itangazo vyasohoye, Ibiro vy’inama nkuru y’umutekano ya Iran vyavuze ko intambara n’ibikorwa vya gisirikare ku mpande zose, harimwo na Liban, bitegekanijwe guhagarara burundu guhera ku mugoroba wo kuri uwu wa mbere.

   Izindi nkuru wosoma:

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6. Haciye amasaha 2Mwaramutse neza!

   Ikaze kuri BBC Gahuzamiryango, aho tubashikiriza amakuru yo mu karere no mu makungu mu buryo bw'ikibiriraho.