By how much has the UK's defence spending been increasing?published at 13:19 BST

13:19 BST

By Ben Chu

On 25 February 2025, Prime Minister Keir Starmer announced that UK defence spending would rise to 2.5% of GDP in 2027, funded by aid spending being cut from 0.5% of GDP to 0.3% in the same year.

And the government said that, including spending on the UK’s security and intelligence agencies, the overall defence budget would reach 2.6% of GDP by 2027.

The UK’s estimated Nato-qualifying defence spending - which is the spending that the military alliance counts as meeting its members’ commitments - was 2.3% of GDP in 2024 and 2.4% in 2025.

In February 2025, Starmer also stated an "ambition" to increase defence spending to 3% of GDP "in the next parliament".

At a summit in The Hague in June 2025, the UK and other Nato members committed to spending 3.5% of GDP spending on defence by 2035.

John Healey’s resignation letter as defence secretary suggests the planned Defence Investment Plan intends to increase defence spending in 2030 to 2.68% of GDP.

That implies an 0.08% increase on the existing 2027 commitment of 2.6% of GDP - around £2.4bn in today’s money.

The exasperation is clearpublished at 13:08 BST

13:08 BST

Chris Mason
Political editor

What is already becoming very clear is the exasperation, frustration and anger that has led to this moment.

Senior figures in the armed forces were making it clear that the funding being suggested was nowhere near enough.

As had been widely reported, the figure in question was an increase of around £13.5bn in the next four years.

Plenty reckoned this was inadequate, not least because in their view it wasn’t even £13.5bn - but actually around £10bn, with the remainder disparagingly dismissed as accounting trickery from the Treasury.

Let’s see how the Treasury and No 10 respond.

An ally of the - now former - defence secretary says: "Healey has been one of the most loyal Labour men for over 30 years. He’s only ever wanted a successful Labour government."

We can now bring you more excerpts from John Healey's resignation letter - in which he accuses PM Keir Starmer of failing to commit the resources the military needs.

Image source, Getty Images

John Healey is the sixth minister to step down in the past month.

Health Secretary Wes Streeting left his post on 14 May. He said it was clear Sir Keir would not lead Labour into the next general election, criticising his government's "drift" and lack of "vision".

Two days before, Jess Phillips resigned from her position as safeguarding minister.

"I'm not seeing the change I think I, and the country expect, and so cannot continue to serve as a minister under the current leadership," she wrote.

On the same day, junior ministers Miatta Fahnbulleh, Alex Davies-Jones and Zubir Ahmed also resigned from the government.

Image source, Reuters

Former security minister - and soldier - Tom Tugendhat says John Healey's resignation "states clearly this administration has failed" in defending the nation.

"I’ve criticised every party for the state we’re in but the truth is now clear: the complacent confidence in peace is over. We must rearm."

The Conservative MP adds: "This is the right letter to send."

Another crisis for the prime ministerpublished at 12:53 BST

12:53 BST

Henry Zeffman
Chief political correspondent

John Healey's resignation letter is a stinging criticism of the defence spending plans we were expecting to be unveiled in the coming days.

The essence of the resignation - which comes as a real shock - is that the plans are inadequate.

Essentially, Healey is arguing that this plan - which has been haggled over in government for months now - would increase the risk to Britain's armed forces when they are on military operations.

That is about as serious a charge as a defence secretary can make. It is also a very grave political crisis for a prime minister.

This is a surprise - but the funding battle has taken its tollpublished at 12:50 BST

12:50 BST

Jonathan Beale
Defence correspondent

The surprise in John Healey’s resignation is that he never looked like a quitter. He has always been a loyal minister and Labour Party man.

Unlike other recent defence secretaries, he studiously avoided briefing against other ministers or the Treasury. When he met journalists he frustratingly hid his own frustrations.

He mostly said the same in private as he did in public. But the government’s failure to move as fast as other European nations, or as fast as he had promised, has clearly taken its toll.

The government’s claim to be a leading member of the Nato alliance sounded increasingly hollow – with the UK dropping from the fourth largest spender to 14th with five years.

Allies were asking when the UK’s words would be matched by actions. Defence industry were asking the same questions too.

Healey made mistakes too. He thought the government’s promise to increase defence spending to 2.5% of GDP earlier than planned would be enough.

Senior defence officials were exasperated when they’d heard he’d said he wouldn’t be asking for any more. He soon had to.

Healey also cut out other ministers in his department from key conversations and decisions. But with his resignation the government has still lost a hard working, dedicated loyal minister.

The prime minister will look weaker. But in his last act as defence secretary, the question is has John Healey strengthened the hand of the armed forces?

Image source, Getty Images

In a post on X, Conservative MP and former foreign secretary James Cleverly says he has "always respected John Healey.

"He clearly takes defence of the realm and defence of our interests more seriously than either Keir Starmer or Rachel Reeves."

Image source, Getty Images

Reform UK's Robert Jenrick says "good on Healey", in reaction to his resignation.

In a post on X, the MP writes: "This Government has all the money in the world for Ed Milliband’s mad plans, foreign aid, and benefits for foreigners. But nothing for our armed forces.

"Good on Healey. Shame on them. Reeves and Starmer should go too. And with them this wretched Labour Government."

John Healey says the financial settlement for the Defence Investment Plan (DIP) offered by the prime minister "falls well short of what is required for defence and the country and this dangerous time".

The DIP, which has not yet been released, will lay out government defence spending.

It will explain how new equipment and defence infrastructure will be funded over the coming decade, following a review of Britain's capabilities in June last year.

But publication has been delayed after the MoD reportedly asked for an extra £28bn over the next four years, following an internal assessment last year.

On Wednesday, Starmer told the Commons it was due to be released ahead of a Nato summit early next month.

Speaking on Monday, Healey told MPs that Starmer "is determined that we publish the defence investment plan before the Nato summit".

Image source, PA Media

More now from Healey's letter:

He outlines areas he is proud of, including leading on support for Ukraine during its war with Russia, and establishing Britain as a leading voice in Nato.

However, he complains about funding for the long-awaited Defence Investment Plan. He says the DIP financial settlement - "which I was first given in full on Monday afternoon this week" - falls "well short of what is required for defence and the country at this dangerous time".

John Healey has resigned as defence secretary in a letter to Prime Minister Keir Starmer. Here are some of the key lines - we'll have more soon:

"This new era for defence required further investment through the Defence Investment Plan. The excellent and extensive cross-government work that completed in January-overseen by you, me and the Chancellor - confirmed the scale of the challenge and the rising demands on defence.

"Since then, you have been unable, and the Treasury has been unwilling, to commit the resources that the nation needs to defend the country at this time of rising threats.

"As I've outlined to you, there are credible ways of meeting the mid-term funding challenges, working multi-nationally and as other European nations are doing, to allow us to protect our ability to deliver the missions of our Labour Government.

"You know what defence needs. You made the argument for this powerfully in your speech at the Munich Security Conference back in February. Without a DIP (Defence Investment Plan) that meets the moment in this way, I am being forced to make decisions that would reduce the readiness of our Forces and increase the risk to personnel on operations, and could make the country less safe."

This is breaking news - we'll have more details in our next post.