Me ya faru a harin 11 ga Satumba, kuma mutum nawa ne suka mutu?

Shekara 25 ke nan tun bayan harin da aka kai a ranar Talata, 11 ga Satumba, 2001, lokacin da wasu maharan ƙunar baƙin-wake suka yi juya akalar jiragen fasinja na Amurka, tare da yi musu dirar-mikiya a kan manyan gine-gine biyu a birnin New York, lamarin da ya yi sanadiyar mutuwar dubban mutane.

A yau ne za a gudanar da bikin tunawa da waɗanda suka rasa rayukansu a harin a Amurka, inda ake sa ran gudanar da bukukuwa da wasu shirye-shirye daban-daban.

Har yanzu ana kallon wannan hari a matsayin mafi muni cikin ƙarnuka, ba kawai a Amurka ba, har ma a duniya baki ɗaya.

Su waye maharan?

Wasu gungun mutane ne suka yi juya akalar jiragen fasinja guda huɗu da ke kan hanyarsu zuwa gabashin Amurka.

Daga nan sai suka yi amfani da jiragen a matsayin makamai, inda suka karkatar da su zuwa kan wasu muhimman gine-gine masu tarihi a birnin New York da Washington.

Biyu daga cikin jiragen sun yi karo da tagwayen manyan gine-ginen da ake kira "Twin Towers" da ke birnin New York.

Jirgin farko ya yi karo da ginin Arewa da misalin ƙarfe 08:46 na safe, agogon New York.

Jirgin na biyu kuma ya yi karo da ginin da ke kudu da misalin ƙarfe 09:03 na safe.

Gine-ginen sun kama da wuta, lamarin da ya sa mutane da dama suka maƙale a manyan benayen gine-ginen, yayin da hayaƙi ya rufe sassan birnin.

Cikin ƙasa da sa'a biyu, gine-ginen biyu masu hawa 110 sun ruguje tare da lalacewa, inda suka bar wani ƙura da hayaƙi suka turnuƙe kamar gajimare a sararin samaniya.

Jirgin na uku ya yi karo da Pentagon, hedikwatar ma'aikatar tsaron Amurka da ke wajen birnin Washington DC, da misalin ƙarfe 09:37 na safe.

Jirgin na huɗu kuma ya yi hatsari a wani fili a jihar Pennsylvania da misalin ƙarfe 10:03 na safe, bayan fasinjojin jirgin sun yi ƙoƙarin bijirewa maharan.

An yi imanin cewa maharan sun yi niyyar kai harin ne kan ginin Capitol da ke Washington DC.

Mutum nawa suka mutu?

Mutum 2,977 suka mutu a hare-haren, bayan maharan 19 da suka ƙwace jiragen. Mafi yawan waɗanda suka mutu sun kasance a birnin New York.

Dukkan fasinjoji da ma'aikatan jirgi 246 da ke cikin jiragen huɗun sun mutu.

A kan tagwayen gine-ginen biyu, mutum 2,606 ne suka mutu.

A Pentagon, mutum 125 ne suka rasa rayukansu.

Wata yarinya mai shekara biyu mai suna Christine Lee Hanson ce mafi ƙanƙanta da ta rasu a hare-haren. Ta mutu ne a cikin ɗaya daga cikin jiragen tare da iyayenta, Peter da Sue.

Mutum mafi tsufa da ya mutu shi ne Robert Norton, mai shekara 82. Yana cikin wani jirgin tare da matarsa, Jacqueline, inda suke tafiya domin halartar wani biki na aure.

Lokacin da jirgin farko ya yi karo da ginin, an ƙiyasta cewa akwai kusan mutum 17,400 a cikin gine-ginen. A ginin Arewa, babu wanda ya tsira daga benayen da ke sama da inda jirgin ya yi karo da ginin. Amma a ginin Kudu, mutum 18 sun tsira daga benayen da ke sama da wurin da jirgin ya yi karo.

Waɗanda suka mutu a hare-haren sun fito ne daga ƙasashe 77. Haka kuma, an kashe mutum 441 da suka fito daga birnin New York domin tserewa daga harin.

Dubban mutane sun samu raunuka, yayin da wasu kuma suka kamu da rashin lafiya daga baya. Daga cikin waɗanda suka kamu da cututtuka har da ma'aikatan kashe gobara da suka shaƙi abubuwa masu guba a yayin aikin ceto.

Su waye maharan?

Ƙungiyar masu tsattsauran ra'ayi ta Al-Qaeda ce ta ce ta shirya hare-haren daga Afghanistan.

Al-Qaeda, wadda Osama bin Laden ke jagoranta, ta zargi Amurka da ƙawayenta da yaƙi da duniyar Musulunci.

An raba maharan 19 da suka ƙwace jiragen zuwa ƙungiyoyi uku masu mutum biyar-biyar, yayin da ƙungiya ɗaya ta ƙunshi mutum huɗu. Ƙungiyar mutum huɗun ce ta yi garkuwa da jirgin da ya faɗi a Pennsylvania.

A kowace ƙungiya akwai mutum ɗaya da aka horar kan tuƙin jirgin sama. Sun yi karatu a makarantun koyar da tuƙin jiragen sama a Amurka.

Maharanya 15 ƴan ƙasar Saudiya ne. Biyu daga cikinsu ƴan ƙasar Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa ne, ɗaya ɗan Masar ne, ɗayan kuma ɗan Lebanon ne.

Ta yaya Amurka ta mayar da martani?

Ƙasa da wata guda bayan hare-haren, Shugaban Amurka George W. Bush ya ƙaddamar da farmaki Afghanistan tare da taimakon ƙawancen ƙasashe na duniya, da nufin tarwatsa ƙungiyar Al-Qaeda da kama Osama bin Laden.

Sai dai, Amurka ba ta iya kama Osama bin Laden ba har zuwa shekarar 2011, lokacin da sojojin Amurka suka kashe shi a Pakistan.

An kama Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, wanda ake zargi da kitsa hare-haren 11 ga Satumba, a Pakistan a shekarar 2003. Daga baya aka tsare shi a gidan yarin Guantanamo Bay, inda har yanzu yake tsare.

Har yanzu ƙungiyar Al-Qaeda tana nan. Ƙarfinta ya fi yawa a wasu ƙasashen yankin kudu da Sahara, duk da cewa har yanzu akwai mambobinta a Afghanistan.

Sojojin Amurka sun janye daga Afghanistan a wannan shekara, bayan shafe kusan shekara 20 a ƙasar. Hakan ya haifar da fargabar cewa ƙungiyoyin masu tsattsauran ra'ayi za su iya sake samun damar ƙara ƙarfi.

Me ya faru sakamakon harin 11 ga Satumba?

An ƙara tsaurara matakan tsaro da zirga-zirgar jiragen sama na ƙasa da ƙasa a shekarun da suka biyo bayan harin 11 ga Satumba.

An shafe fiye da wata takwas ana aikin share ɓaaraguzan wurin da aka kai hare-haren.

An gina gidan tarihi a wurin domin tunawa da mutanen da suka rasa rayukansu a harin. Haka kuma, an sake gina gine-gine a wurin, amma da sabon tsarin gine-gine.

Sake gina Pentagon ya ɗauki kusan shekara guda, kuma ma'aikatansa suka koma ofisoshinsu a watan Agustan 2002.

Wane ne Khalid Sheikh Mohammed?

Khalid Sheikh Mohammed shi ne mutumin da Amurka ke zargi da kitsa munanan hare-haren da aka kai wa Amurka a ranar 11 ga Satumba, 2001. Ana kuma kallonsa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan jagororin Al-Qaeda a lokacin da Osama bin Laden ke jagorantar ƙungiyar.

Ma'aikatar Tsaron Amurka ta ce Mohammed ya amince cewa shi ne ya tsara harin "daga farko har ƙarshe".

An yi imanin cewa an haifi Mohammed a Kuwait a shekarar 1964 ko 1965, amma iyayensa asalinsu daga yankin Balochistan na Pakistan ne, wanda ke iyaka da Afghanistan.

Yana magana da Larabci da Ingilishi da Urdu da Balochi.

A shekarar 1986, ya kammala karatun digirinsa na farko a Jami'ar North Carolina State University of Agriculture and Technology da ke Amurka.

A ƙarshen shekarun 1980, ya koma Peshawar a Pakistan, inda ya haɗu da Osama bin Laden.

Mohammed ya fara shahara ne bayan da ya taimaka wajen daƙile wani shiri na tayar da wani jirgin saman Amurka a shekarar 1995.

An gano shirin ne bayan ƴansanda sun gano wasu bayanai a cikin kwamfuta yayin da suke binciken zargin wani shiri na kashe Paparoma.

A shekarar 1999, Mohammed ya shawo kan Osama bin Laden ya goyi bayan shirin kai hare-haren 11 ga Satumba a Amurka.

Bayan harin da ya yi sanadin mutuwar fiye da mutum 3,000, Amurka ta sanya tukwicin kuɗi ga duk wanda ya taimaka wajen kama ko kashe Mohammed.

Amurka ta yi imanin cewa Mohammed ne ya shirya dukkan aikin, tare da samar da kuɗaɗen da aka yi amfani da su wajen yin garkuwa da jiragen da kuma kai hare-haren.

Kama Mohammed an ɗauke shi a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan nasarorin ƙasashen Yammacin duniya a yaƙin da suke yi da Al-Qaeda.

Rohan Gunaratna, wani masani kan ta'addancin ƙasa da ƙasa da Al-Qaeda, ya bayyana Mohammed a matsayin ƙwararre wajen tsara hare-haren ta'addanci na ƙasa da ƙasa, kuma ɗaya daga cikin mutanen da suka ƙware sosai a wannan fanni.

Ba Amurka da Pakistan kaɗai suka nemi Mohammed ba. Wata kotu a Faransa ta bayar da sammacin kama shi bayan an zarge shi da hannu a wani harin ƙunar baƙin-wake da aka kai kan wani wurin ibadar Yahudawa a tsibirin yawon buɗe ido na Djerba, Tunisia a shekarar 2002.

Haka kuma, Australia ta nemi samun bayanai daga Mohammed dangane da binciken hare-haren bama-bamai da aka kai a Bali, Indonesia, a shekarar 2002, waɗanda suka kashe mutum 202.