Garaadka Macmalka ah oo markii ugu horraysay loo adeegsaday in uu sameeyo tallaal

Daraasad dhowaan soo baxday ayaa sheegtay in garaadka macmalka ah loo isticmaalay in lagu horumariyo nooc "gabi ahaanba cusub" oo tallaal ah, kaasi oo laga yaabo in uu ka hortago fayrasyo ​​badan, isagoo ka hortagaya faafitaanka cudurrada dillaaca.

Kooxda cilmi-baadhista ee soo saartay tallaalkan oo ka tirsan Jaamacadda Cambridge ayaa sheegtay in ay tani tahay markii ugu horraysay ee qaybta ugu muhiimsan ee tallaalka lagu qaabeeyo garaadka macmalka ah oo dhowr ah, ka dibna lagu tijaabiyo bini-aadamka.

Tallaalkan ayaa loo qaabeeyey inuu la dagaallamo dhammaan fayrasyada dhasha oo ay ku jiraan noocyada isbedbeddala ee Covid iyo sidoo kale fayrasyada ku dhaca xayawaanka ee hadhow awoodda u yeesha inay keenaan cudurro dillaaca oo ku faafa bini-aadamka.

Shaqada arrintan la xidhiidha ayaa weli maraysa marxaladihii ugu horreeyay, laakiin cilmi-baadhayaashu waxay mar horeba ka shaqaynayaan horumarinta tallaallo kale oo lagula tacaali karo hargabka iyo Ebola.

Tallaalku wuxuu jidhkeenna baraa sida loo aqoonsado caabuqa si loo kordhiyo fursadaha lagula dagaallami karo.

Laakiin fayrasyada qaar ayaa aad ugu xeeldheer inay isbedbeddalaan, sidaas darteed tallaallada ayaa noqon kara kuwo duugooba muddo aad u gaaban, sababtoo ah soo bixitaanka degdegga ah ee noocyo cusub oo fayras ah, halkaasna waxaa ka dhalata baahida loo qabo in si joogto ah loo cusboonaysiiyo tallaallada Covid iyo hargabka xilliyeedka ah.

Prof. Jonathan Heeney oo ka tirsan Jaamacadda Cambridge ayaa yidhi: "Mar walba dib waan ka soo dib dhacnaa," wuxuuna ku daray, "Waxa aan isku dayeyno waa in aan samaynno waxqabada muuqda oo ka horreeya isbeddelka," si aan hore ugu sii soconno oo aan u awood ugu yeelanno in aan ka hortagno faafitaanka cudurrada dillaaca ee cusub.

Sidee ayuu u shaqeeyaa tallaalka cusub?

Caadiyan, tallaallada waxaa lagu qaabeeyaa iyadoo la isticmaalayo nooc hore u jiray oo fayras ah.

Baadhayaasha Cambridge ayaa qaatay nooc hiddasidayaal ah, kuwaas oo laga soo qaatay koox fayrasyada Koroonaha ah oo ay diiwaangeliyeen barnaamijyada ilaalada ee raadiya khataraha fayrasyada ee iman kara.

Garaadka macmalka ah ayaa falanqeeyay hiddasidayaashan, ka dibna wuxuu naqshadeeyay maaddada "antigen heer sare ah" oo ah walax kicinaysa habka difaaca jidhka si uu u soo saaro unugyada difaaca ama unugyo difaac ah. Wuxuuna u tababari karaa habka difaaca jidhka si uu u bixiyo difaac ka dhan ah dhammaan bahda fayrasyadaas, xitaa haddii ay isbedbeddalaan ama haddii caabuq cusub uu ka soo gudbo xayawaanka oo u gudbo bini-aadamka.

Maaddada Antigens-ku waa qaybaha aasaasiga ah ee tallaallada, maaddaama habka difaaca jidhku uu barto naqshaddooda si uu u weeraro.

Khabiirka ayaa sheegay inay tani tahay markii ugu horreysay ee antigen uu naqshadeeyay garaadka macmalka ah lagu tijaabiyo bini-aadamka. Wuxuu intaas ku daray in tignoolajiyadan ay "wada yaab nagu noqotay dhammaanteen, waxaanan u malaynayaa inay muujin karto natiijooyin cajiib ah marka loo eego waxa aan u qaban karno badhaadhaha bini-aadamka."

Heeney ayaa u sheegay BBC-da isaga oo yidhi: "Arrintu waxay ku saabsan tahay samaynta tallaallo naga difaaca fayrasyada, ma aha oo kaliya fayrasyada maanta, laakiin kuwo naga difaaca waxa keeni kara faafitaanka cudurrada dillaaca ama xanuunada mustaqbalka, taasi oo ah isbeddel weyn oo ku saabsan sida aan ugu diyaargarowno cudurrada dillaaca."

Tijaabooyinka, oo ay ka qaybgaleen 39 qof, ayaa loo qaabeeyey in ay bixiyaan qiimayn sax ah oo ku saabsan heerka badbaadada tallaalkan iyo haddii uu wanaagsan yahay, waxaana la filayaa in cilmi-baadhis mustaqbalka la sameeyo oo ay ka qaybgeli doonaan 200 oo qof, taasi oo bixin karta fahan qoto dheer oo ku saabsan xidhiidhka ka dhexeeya tababarka iyo hufnaanta habka difaaca jidhka.

Baahida loo qabo cilmi-baadhis dheeraad ah

Natiijooyinka faahfaahsan ee ay daabacday majallada "Journal of Infection" ayaa muujiyey in saamaynta tallaalku ku yeeshay habka difaaca jidhku ay ahayd mid "macquul ah, laakiin waxay dhalisay xamaasad weyn oo ku saabsan dhammaystirka cilmi-baadhistan. Saul Faust, oo ah baadhe tijaabooyin kan oo kale ah ka sameeyey Jaamacadda Southampton ayaa sheegay in naqshadaynta tallaalkan ee loo adeegsaday garaadka macmalka ah uu leeyahay "rajooyin ballaadhan", wuxuuna xusay in tignoolajiyadani ay aad ugu wanaagsan tahay samaynta tallaallada cudurrada dillaaca marka ay fayrasyadu isbedbeddalayaan.

Kooxda Cambridge ayaa hadda tijaabooyin ku samaynaya xayawaanka si ay u sameeyaan tallaal caalami ah oo loogu talagalay hargab-xilliyeedka iyo kan shimbiraha (H5N1). Sidoo kale, waxay baadhis ku hayaan sidii loo heli lahaa tallaal ka dhan ah qandhada dhiig-baxa, sida Ebola, gaar ahaan nooca hadda ka dillaacay Jamhuuriyadda Dimuqraadiga ah ee Congo oo aan weli tallaal loo helin.

Prof. Andy Pollard oo ka tirsan Jaamacadda Oxford ayaa sheegay in xogta laga helay xayawaanka ay tahay mid cajiib ah, laakiin tijaabada rasmiga ahi ay tahay midda bini-aadamka, maaddaama habka difaaca jidhkeennu uu ka duwan yahay shaybaadhka jiirka. Wuxuu intaas ku daray in garaadka macmalka ah uu "beddeli doono xeerarka "cilmi-baadhista tallaallada, isagoo dardargelinaya soo saarista lana ogaan karo xidhiidhka ka dhexeeya falcelinta jidhka iyo tallaalka, taasi oo badbaadin doonta nafno badan.

Marian Knight oo ka tirsan Machadka Qaranka ee Cilmi-baadhista Caafimaadka ayaa guushan ku tilmaantay "tallaabo hore loo qaaday" oo lagu helayo difaac fayras oo ballaadhan. Sidoo kale, Wasiirka Sayniska ee Britain, Lord Patrick Vallance, ayaa ku ammaanay mashruucan in uu yahay tusaale weyn oo muujinaya sida isku-darka cilmi-baadhista iyo garaadka macmalka ah ay u soo deddejin karaan daawayn cusub oo waxtar u leh dunida oo dhan.