Yadda ake ci gaba da ginin cocin da ta fi kowacce tsayin gini a duniya

Antoni Gaudí ya yi fice sosai saboda katafaren ginin Sagrada Família da ya gina a birnin Barcelona, wanda ya kasance ginin coci mafi tsawo a faɗin duniya. A yanzu ana ci gaba da ginin kuma ana ƙara mashi ƙawa da kwalliya irin na zamani.

A watan Yunin 1926, jirgi ya bige wani tsoho cikin tsaffin tufafe yana ƙoƙarin tsallakawa zuwa cikin coci. Kwanaki kaɗan bayan nan ya rasu a wani asibitin masu ƙaramin ƙarfi . Wannan mutumin sunan shi Antoni Gaudí, wanda aka yi wa laƙabi da ''mai gini don Allah''.

Gaudí ya bar duniya da gagarumin giɓi. Ya rasu ana cikin ginin Sagrada Família – katafaren ginin coci a birnin Barcelona, da ke arewa maso gabashin Sifaniya. Daga nesa, ana hango ginin cocin wanda ya zarce sauran gine-ginen da ke kusa da shi. Idan aka matsa kusa kuma, ginin ya yi kama da wani abu mai rai. Baya ga alamun wurin bauta da ginin ke da shi, ya kuma yi kama da wani dutse da ya girma ya bazu zuwa wani waje mai ƙayatarwa.

Duk da cewa ana ci gaba da ginin bayan mutuwar wanda ya fara shi, gina Sagrada Família ya zamo babban ƙalubale da ba kasafai ake ganin irin shi ba. A lokacin yaƙin basasar Sifaniya a 1936, an lalata zanen ginin da sauran kayayyaki da dama da Gaudí ya tsara yin aikin ginin da su, lamarin da ya sa aikin ya yi wa waɗanda suka gaje shi matuƙar wahala. Akwai lokacin da aka riƙa fargabar cewa tsawon hasumiyar ginin ya yi yawa kuma zai iya rinjayar ainufin tubalin da aka ɗora ginin a akai, lamarin da ya sa ake ganin kaɗawar iska na iya zama barazana gare su.

Amma shekara 100 bayan rasuwar Gaudí, Pope Leo XIV na wata ziyara a Sagrada Família, inda aka ƙaddamar da hasumiyar Yesu mai nisan mita 172.5m. Wannan hasumiya ta sa ginin Sagrada Família ya zamo ginin coci mafi tsawo a duniya.

BBC ta ziyarci Sagrada Família gabanin bikin cika shekaru 100 da rasuwar Gaudí domin ganin yadda aka yi amfani da tsohuwar fasaha da ta zamani wajen gina katafaren ginin coci da ya zarce kowanne tsawo a duniya.

Amfani da tsaffin dabaru da hikima

A lokacin da yake tasowa, magini kuma mabiyin ɗarikar katolika, Gaudí yana da buri biyu ne, in ji Gijs van Hensbergen, wani masain tarihi da ya wallafa tarihin Gaudí.

"Gina Sagrada Família ta asali da tsohuwar fasahar gine-gine da kuma gyara kura-kuran baya wajen ƙayata ginin.''

Domin yin hakan, sai da ya yi nazari kan ɗaya daga cikin gine-gine mafi tsufa a duniya, wato ginin Taq-iKisra wanda yake a birnin Ctesiphon na ƙasar Iraqi ta yanzu.

An yi ginin ne a tsakanin ƙarni na uku zuwa na shida kuma yana da tsawon mita 30, kuma yana cikin manyan gine-gine na farko a tarihi.

Har yanzu ginin Taq-iKisra na nan kuma yana cikin gine-ginen tubali masu tsufa da girma da kuma tsawon tarihi a duniya da aka yi da .

Bayan shafe gomman shekaru yana nazari, Gaudí ya gamsu cewa salon ginin zai taimaka mashi wajen gyara wasu kura-kuran da ya ga ana tafkawa wajen gini a zamanin shi.

Yayin da Gaudí ke ƙara ilimi, ya ƙara ƙwarin gwiwa cewa zai iya cire wasu tsaffin dabaru da aka fi sani, kuma ya sanya wasu da ya ƙirƙiro domin gina cocin.

Idan mutum ya shiga cikin cocin ai ga yadda aka yi amfani da tsohon salo da kuma na zamani wajen ƙayata cikin ta da bai wa sassan cikin cocin kamanni itatuwa da sauran halittu masu kyau.

Dogayen Hasumiya

An fuskanci ƙalubale kala-kala wajen gina ɗaya daga cikin hasumiya mafi tsawo a ginin saboda ta yi nauyi sosai.

Hasumiyar da aka yi wa laƙabin 'Mary Tower' mai tsawon mita 138, wanda ke biye da hasumiyar Yesu mai tsawon mita 172.5.

An gano cewa hasumiyar ta yi nauyin da zai iya rusa wani sashi na ginin don haka dole aka kafa sabbin ƙarafa da kankare domin ƙarawa ƙasan ginin ƙwari da zama yadda ya kamata.

Injiniyoyi sun ɓullo da dabarar amfani da duwatsun da aka sarrafa wajen ƙarawa ginin da kuma hasumiyar ƙarfi. Wannan ya taimaka sosai wajen ara ƙarfin ginin da kuma ƙara sauri domin kammala shi.

Da wannan salo ne aka ci ƙarfin fargabar da ta taso kan ƙarfin ginin, kuma aka karkata zuwa sauran sassa.

An yi amfani da salon sarrafa duwatsu wajen gina hasumiyar 'Mary' da ta 'Yesu' da kuma sauran wasu huɗu. Daga 2014 kuma aka cigaba da amfani da wannan salo wajen gina sassan cocin.

Van Hensbergen ya yi amanna cewa "Gaudí zai yi matuƙar farin ciki da shigar da sabon salon zamani wajen kammala ginin,''

Gaudí ya kafa tubalin ginin da tsohuwar fasaha,kuma ya yi amfani da wasu dabarun wajen yin ado da kwalliya a wurare da dama a cikin cocin, musamman sanya kaloli daban-daban a ciki. A can saman cocin kuma ya yi amfani da siminti wajen ƙayata shi.

"Ina iya cewa a lokacin sabuwar Barcelona ya samar, kuma ko a lokacin ya yi amfani da abubuwan da ake yi wa kallon sabbin ƙirƙira na fasaha.'' in ji Duff.

Cocin Gaudi da ba a kammala ginawa ba

Yayin da manyan baƙi ciki harda Fafaroma Leo XIV suka taru domin ƙaddamar da hasumiya mafi tsawo a cikin cocin, shekara 100 bayan rasuwar Gaudí, har yanzu ana ci gaba da aikin ginin cocin, musamman a gaban ginin da ake kira 'Glory Façade'

Idan aka kammala ta, ana sa ran ƙwararru na zamani ne za su karɓi ragamar kula da ginin.

A baya ana hawa kan ginin ne domin gano wuraren da suka tsage domin a gyara, amma ci gaban zamani ta kawo fasahar jiragen sama marasa matuƙa, waɗanda ake amfani da su wajen cimma wannan manufa.