Igituma Uganda iriko iratsinda urugamba rwa Ebola mu gihe muri RDC ibandanya kurandagata

Ikiza ca Ebola kirangwa mu buseruko bwa Repuburika ya Demokarasi ya Kongo (RDC) muri iki gihe cabaye ica kabiri kibi cane kitari bwigere kibaho, aho igitigiri c'abantu bamaze kwemezwa ku mugaragaro ko bapfuye kirenga 1.500.

Abahinga bavuga ko igitigiri nyaco c'abahitanywe n'iki kiza, catangajwe muri Rusama (5), kiri hejuru cane y'icashizwe ahabona. Ikindi gitera amakenga ni uko ku wa kane, abategetsi ba Repuburika ya Demokarasi ya Kongo bemeje ko Ebola iriko irarandagata ningoga kurusha uko vyagenze mu biza vy'imbere y'aha.

Mu gihugu kibanyi ca Uganda ho, na co nyene cagaragayemwo Ebola muri Rusama, ibintu vyifashe ukundi rwose.

Mu ndwi zibiri ziheze, umushikiranganji w'amagara y'abantu muri ico gihugu yadondoye "akanyamuneza kadasanzwe" igihe umurwayi wa nyuma wa Ebola yasohoka ibitaro yakize Ebola.

Muri Uganda, abanduye Ebola ni 20 gusa. Abo yahitanye ni babiri.

Nk'uko bishikirizwa na Dr Kasonde Mwinga, arongoye ishami ry'ishirahamwe mpuzamakungu ryitaho amagara y'Abantu (OMS/WHO) muri Uganda, ico gitigiri gitoya c'abahitanywe n'iyo ngwara "nticaje uko nyene".

Yabwiye BBC ati: "Ni kubera ko igihugu cashize inguvu nyinshi mu kwitegurira guhangana na Ebola."

Iki ni ikiza ca Ebola kigira 17 cadutse muri RDC kuva iyo ndwara itowe haraciye imyaka 50. Uganda imaze guhura n'iki kiza incuro icenda kuva mu mwaka wa 2000. Abategetsi b'ico gihugu bavuga ko ivyigwa bakuye mu vyago vyagiye biba vyatumye bashobora guhagarika iyo ngwara itarakwiragira mu gihugu.

Akarorero ni ak'umukobwa w'imyaka 12 yashikanywe ku bitaro vyo mu karere ka Luwero, hagati mu gihugu, mu mwaka wa 2011.

Ibimenyetso yari afise vyatumye abaganga baca bagira amakenga. Baramushize ukwa wenyene, abamwitaho bambara impuzu zidasanzwe zibakingira kugira ntibandure, maze amaze gupfa inyuma y'amasaha atatu gusa, ikiziga ciwe bagishira mw'isandugu yugaye neza kugira ntihagire uwandura.

Izo ngingo zo kwikingira zatumye iyo ngwara itarandagata. Mu nyuma, ibipimo vy'amaraso vyaremeje ko yari yishwe na Ebola.

Umuvugizi wa reta ya Uganda, Alan Kasujja, yabwiye ikiganiro Newsday ca BBC ati: "Ebola turayizi. Imaze gushika iwacu incuro zitari nke, kandi turazi ingene duhangana na yo."

Umuntu wa mbere yamenyekanye ko yanduye muri Uganda, yari umugabo avuye muri RDC, yari yajabutse urubibe aje kwivuriza muri iki gihugu.

Abajejwe amagara y'abantu bamaze kubona no kwemeza ko abantu benshi banduye Ebola bavuye muri RDC, baciye bashiraho ikigo cihariye kandi kidasanzwe co kwakiriramwo no kuvura abayirwaye, ku bitaro vya Mulago, ku murwa mukuru Kampala.

Dr David Kaggwa, arongoye ico kigo, avuga ko cari carakoreshejwe no mu mwaka uheze igihe habaho ikindi kiza ca Ebola, kandi ko cari kigifise ibikoresho vyo kwa muganga hamwe n'umurwi w'abaganga n'abaforoma bama biteguriye gutabara igihe cose.

Agira ati: "Cari ikibazo co gutunganya no kwongerako ibikoresho bike gusa. Ku musi umwe twari twamaze kwitegurira kwakira abarwayi. Ntitwatanguye ibikorwa duhereye ku busa."

Mu bantu 20 bapimwe bagatorwa Ebola muri Uganda, 15 bavuye muri RDC.

Dr David Kaggwa yavuze ko bikekwa ko abantu babiri ba mbere banduye batari bazi indwara barwaye. Ariko inyuma y'uko Uganda na RDC bitangarije hamwe icaduka ca Ebola ku wa 15 Rusama (5), abantu bose bagaragaza ibimenyetso vy'iyo ndwara - harimwo kumeneka umutwe, gushuha cane no kuyorwa - baciye bihutira kuza ku kigo kivurirwamwo abarwaye Ebola.

Yibaza ko kubera abo barwayi bataciye mu bitaro bisanzwe ngo bahure n'abandi barwayi canke n'abaganga, vyagabanije cane akaga ko gukwiragiza iyo ngwara mu banyagihugu.

Mu ntumbero yo gukinga ko Ebola irandagata, abategetsi ba Uganda barugaye kandi umupaka ico gihugu gisangiye na RDC, n'ubwo bari bazi ko iyo ngingo yoshobora kugira ingaruka mbi ku banyagihugu benshi bawujabuka bagiye ku mirimo y'ubucuruzi.

Uganda yaciye yihutira gufata ingingo zo guhangana n'iyo ngwara, kandi yari ifise akarusho ugereranije na RDC mu kuyirwanya.

Imbere y'uko Ebola imenyekana muri RDC, yari imaze indwi nyinshi ikwiragira ata n'umwe abizi. Ivyo vyatewe n'uko abajejwe gukurikirana ibiza bahora bibanda ku gusuzuma gusa ubwoko bwa Ebola busanzwe bumaze kubaho.

Uganda yo yamenye umurwayi wa mbere inyuma y'uko RDC yemeje ikanatangaza ko hari abantu benshi banduye. Kubera ko amakuru y'ico kiza yari amaze kumenyekana, Uganda yarashoboye gufata ningoga ingingo zo gukinga ko iyo ndwara ikwiragira.

Dr David Kaggwa agira ati: "Twaciye dushiraho uburyo bukomeye bwo gukurikirana iki kiza, bituma dushobora kumenya ningoga abarwayi bose."

Ni mu gihe muri RDC ho, igikorwa co gukurikirana ikwiragira rya Ebola no kurondera abantu bahuye n'abarwaye cabaye urugamba rukomeye.

Umukozi umwe ari mu bajejwe gutohoza no gukurikirana irandagata ry'iyo ndwara mu gisagara ca Bunia, ari na co kiri kw'isonga mu burere bugeramiwe, yabwiye itororokanirizo ry'amakuru Reuters ko iki gikorwa cahungabanijwe n'ugutegura nabi ibikorwa, ingorane zo gutwara ibikoresho n'abakozi, hamwe no gukoresha abakozi badafise uburambe bukwiye.

Dr Moubarack Kano yavuze ati: "Kenshi tumenya iyo ndwara yamaze gukwiragira". Yongerako ati: "Usanga turiko tuyiruka inyuma."

Ibikorwa vyo kuyirwanya birushiriza kugorana kubera umutekano muke umaze imyaka wugarije ubuseruko bwa RDC. Intara ya Ituri, ari yo iri kw'isonga mu zigeramiwe n'iki kiza, imaze imyaka itari mike irongowe n'ubutegetsi bwa gisirikare, mu gihe ingabo za reta ziriko zigerageza guhasha imirwi myinshi yitwaje ibirwanisho ikorera muri iyo ntara.

Mu bumanuko bwa Ituri, hari uturere twinshi tugenzurwa n'umuhari M23. Uwo muhari uvuga ko washoboye guhagarika irandagata rya Ebola mu duce ugenzura.

Umuhuzabikorwa mu rugamba rwo kurwanya Ebola muri utwo turere, Dr Fred Kaniki, yavuze ko ivyo vyashobotse kubera kumenya ningoga abarwaye no gukurikirana abantu bahuye na bo.

Yabwiye BBC ati: "Mu kiringo c'ukwezi kumwe twaratoye abandi bantu babiri banduye bikomotse ku barwayi bambere, kandi twarashoboye gukurikirana abahuye na bo gushika ku bantu 400."

Ariko intambara ihuza M23 na reta, hamwe n'ibindi bikorwa vy'ubugizi bwa nabi biri mu buseruko bw'igihugu, vyatumye abantu amamiriyoni bata izabo. Ivyo bituma bigorana cane gukurikirana ikwiragira rya Ebola muri RDC.

Ikindi, ibikorwa vyo gucukura ubutare mu buryo budateye imbere kandi bw'akajagari hamwe n'urudandaza ndengambibe bituma haguma hari uruja n'uruza rw'abantu, bikongereza akaga k'irandagara rya Ebola.

Ku rundi ruhande, Uganda yarashoboye gushira ukwabo nyene abantu barenga 6.000 bari barahuye n'abanduye Ebola. Abo bantu bagumye bataramuwe mu kiringo c'imisi 21, ari co kiringo ntarengwa iyo ndwara imara yinyegeje imbere yo kwigaragaza.

Dr David Kaggwa agira ati: "Ivyo ni ngirakamaro cane, kuko kenshi abarwayi bashasha bava muri abo bantu baba barahuye n'uwanduye."

Alan Kasujja na we yongerako ati: "Nokwemeza ko intsinzi twaronse ahanini yavuye ku kwihutira gukurikirana abantu bahuye n'abarwaye no kubakurikirana bose ata n'umwe dusize inyuma."

Si ubwa mbere Uganda ikoze bigashimwa mu guhangana n'ikiza mu gisata c'amagara y'abantu.

Mu myaka ya 1990 no mu ntango z'iya 2000, ico gihugu carashimagijwe cane kubera urugamba rwaco rwo kurwanya umugera wa SIDA, aho mu kiringo c'imyaka 10 igitigiri c'abawanduye cagabanutse kiva ku rugero rwa 10% gishika kuri 6%.

Ivyo vyashobotse ahanini kubera umugambi munini wa reta washishikariza abantu gukurikiza ingingo zitatu z'ingenzi zizwi kw'izina rya "ABC": " kwihangana, kuba umwizigirwa no gukoresha agakingirizo".

Alan Kasujja avuga ko ugukorera hamwe n'abanyagihugu na kwo ari ntasubirizwa mu gukinga ko indwara ikwiragira.

Agira ati: "N'ubu, n'ubwo bimaze gutangazwa ko muri Uganda ata murwayi wa Ebola akihari, abajejwe amagara baracaguma barikanuye kandi baguma bakurikiza ingingo zose zo gukinga."

Ukwo gukorera hamwe kwagaragaye neza ku muforomakazi yari umwe mu bantu ba mbere banduye Ebola. Yanduriye mu gice c'ibitaro cakira indembe i Kampala aho yakorera.

Hari hasigaye imisi mikeyi ngo iki kiza gitangazwe ku mugaragaro. Yari yarigeze kuvura umurwayi yahavuye apfa, atazi ko yishwe na Ebola.

Yabwiye BBC ko inyuma y'indwi zibiri yatanguye kwumva amerewe nabi, afise ukumeneka umutwe kudasanzwe n'ububabare mu ngingo. Imiti yo kugabanya ububabare ntiyamufashije, maze ibitaro bitangura kumupima indwara zitandukanye, harimwo na malariya.

Yaciye aja gusaba impanuro ku wundi muganga. Ni ho yamenyera ko bagenzi biwe babiri basanze baranduye Ebola, aca afata ingingo yo kwishira ukwa wenyene.

Nk'uko vyagenze ku bandi barwayi benshi, yarubahirije amabwirizwa yose y'abaganga, mbere no mu gihe kigoye cane aho umwana wiwe w'amezi 11, yari aconka, yatandukanywa na we agashirwa ukwa wenyene mu kiringo c'imisi 21.

Ubu rero Uganda yatangaje ko ata Ebola ikirangwa ku butaka bwayo, n'ubwo ibi bidahuye n'amabwirizwa asanzwe asaba ko hategerezwa guca imisi 42 kuva umurwayi wa nyuma akize kugira batangaze ko icaduka kirangiye.

Ubushikiranganji bw'amagara y'abantu bwavuze ko bwafashe iyo ngingo kubera ko umurwayi wa mbere yari yazanye iyo ndwara avuye hanze y'igihugu, kandi ko ata gukwiragira kwa Ebola mu banyagihugu kutazwi inkomoko kwabayeho.

Ariko rero, kuba Uganda isangiye umupaka muremure kandi woroshe kujabuka na RDC, ari na yo ifise abarwayi benshi ba Ebola, bituma hashobora kwama hari akaga ko iyo ndwara yosubira kwinjira muri Uganda.

Ni co gituma Uganda yarungitse abakozi benshi bo mu gisata c'amagara muri RDC kugira bafashe "bene wabo" kurwanya Ebola, nk'uko vyatangajwe n'Umushikiranganji w'amagara y'abantu, Chris Baryomunsi, ku rubuga X.

Alan Kasujja na we agira ati: "Turiko twerekeza iyo ikibazo kiri. Uganda ntishobora gutsinda Ebola hamwe RDC yoba yananiwe kuyitsinda."

Uganda yarongereje inguvu mu kugenzura imipaka, ikaba ibandanya no kwigisha abanyagihugu ingene bokwikingira Ebola n'ingene bokwifata mu gihe hoba habonetse abanduye.

Dr David Kaggwa ati: "Twama twiteguye."