 | We can use 'so' to mean 'too' or 'also':
Helen: I'm a student.
Khalid: So am I. (= I too am a student.)
Alice: I work in a hospital.
Paul: So do I. (= I also work in a hospital.)
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| 'Neither' is used in a similar way to 'so' but is used to show agreement with negative statements or ideas:
She doesn't like coffee and neither do I. (= I don't like coffee either.)
Helen can't speak French and neither can Tim. (= Tim can't speak French either.)
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There are two types of verbs we need to think about with 'neither' or 'so' - auxiliary verbs and main ones.
In these examples, the person agreeing repeats the auxiliary verb (with the appropriate form of it):
I have three brothers.
So has she.
He can't swim
Neither can we.
He's from Canada.
So am I.
I must do my homework and so must you.
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In these examples, the first person uses a main verb (i.e. not an auxiliary verb) and the person agreeing uses the verb 'do' (and the appropriate form of it):
She loves playing tennis.
So does he.
He doesn't work on a Saturday.
Neither do we.
He's from Canada.
So am I.
I didn't like that book
Neither did I.
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We can also use 'so' in answers instead of longer 'that' clauses:
Khalid: Are you ready to go?
Tim: I suppose so. (= I don't want to go but I suppose that I am ready to go.)
Teacher: Will you have finished your essay soon?
Student: I hope so. (= I am looking forward to and expect that I will be finished soon.)
Tourist: Excuse me. Is the museum is closed today?
Tourist information officer: I'm afraid so madam. (= I'm sorry to tell you that the museum is closed today.)
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terrified
very frightened
taking over from
starting to do a job or be responsible for something that another person did or had responsibility for before
Chin up!
something you say to someone in a difficult situation to encourage them to be brave and try not to be sad
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