Food Ontology
A simple vocabulary for describing recipes, ingredients, menus and diets.
Recipe
A Recipe is a combination of ingredients and a method, created by a chef, that produces a food.
Method
A Method is the way in which ingredients are combined, using particular techniques, in order to produce a food. A method is part of a recipe and is also an rdf:Seq.
Step
A Step is the lowest level of instruction used in a recipe. A sequence of steps form a method.
StageSequence
Where a recipe has a number of stage, for example where a recipe states 'for the sauce' a stage sequence provides a way to sequence the stages (rdf:Seq) into the desired order.
Stage
A Stage is a part of a recipe that may have its own ingredient list and/or method. It allows the different parts of a multi-part recipe to be modelled separately, yet as part of the same recipe.
IngredientList
An IngredientList is a sequence (rdf:Seq) of ingredients in the order they should be listed in the recipe.
Ingredient
An Ingredient is the combination of a quantity and a food, giving the amount of something that should be used in the recipe.
Food
A Food is something that can be eaten. It may be a basic food such as salt or it may be the more complex result of another recipe, for example chicken stock. A recipe uses foods as part of ingredients and also produces foods to be eaten.
Collection
A Collection is a group of recipes that are brought together because they have something in common. Some collections may result from automated queries such as all recipes that share a particular ingredient, other collections may be the result of editorial selection.
Diet
A Diet is a way of selecting food that achieves a particular effect, such as eating in way that is pregnancy-friendly or avoiding foods that contain shellfish.
Menu
A Menu is a collection of recipes, usually one or more per course, that have been selected to go well together. A Menu may also be related to a particular cuisine or occasion.
ShoppingCategory
A Shopping Category is a classification given to a food to indicate where it may be found when shopping.
Technique
A Technique is a way of working with an ingredient to produce a desired effect, for example, whipping cream.
Cuisine
A Cuisine is a particular style of food, often based on a region. These classifications are often highly subjective.
Course
A Course is the sequence of a dish within a meal. For example a basic dinner party may consists of Starter, Main and Dessert courses.
Occasion
An Occasion is a recognized event or type of event that a particular food may be suitable for. An example of a particular occasion might be Chinese New Year, whereas a more general occasion might a birthday.
Season
A Season is a period of time that recurs annually during which a food is typically available or at its best.
ingredients
The ingredients property relates a recipe or recipe stage to an ingredient list.
food
The food property relates an ingredient to the food that is required.
shopping category
The shopping category property relates a food to the shopping category where that food is likely to be found when shopping for it.
method
The method property relates a recipe or stage to the method used to make it.
produces
The produces property relates a recipe to the food it produces.
stages
The stages property relates a recipe to the sequence of stages it contains.
canape
The canape property relates a menu to a recipe that may be served as a canape.
starter
The starter property relates a menu to a recipe that may be served as a starter.
main course
The main course property relates a menu to a recipe that may be served as a main course.
side dish
The side dish property relates a menu to a recipe that may be served as a side dish.
dessert
The dessert property relates a menu to a recipe that may be served as a dessert.
diet
The diet property relates a recipe to a diet it may be suitable for.
cuisine
The cuisine property classifies a recipe as being an example of that cuisine.
occasion
The occasion property relates a recipe to an occasion it may be appropriate for.
required technique
The required technique property indicates that a particular technique is required in order to complete a recipe, method or step.
serve as
The serve as property relates a recipe to the course in a meal that it may be served as.
at its best
The at its best property tells us in what season a particular food is at its best.
serves
The server property indicates what the recipe is intended to serve, this is often a human readable integer range such as '6-8'.
quantity
A quantity provides a non-negative integer quantity that can be used as a measure of the food stuff for the ingredient.
metric quantity
A metric quantity provides a value and metric unit in a human readable string for use in measuring out an ingredient.
imperial quantity
A metric quantity provides a value and imperial unit in a human readable string for use in measuring out an ingredient.
instruction
An instruction provides the human-readable text associated with a step in the method for a recipe.